What defines batch processing in data management?

Batch processing in data management refers specifically to the technique where data is collected over a period of time or until it reaches a certain size threshold and then processed as a group, or "batch," rather than being processed one by one in real-time. This method is efficient for handling large volumes of data where immediate processing is not necessary. For example, tasks like payroll processing or monthly billing can be managed effectively using batch processing, where all necessary data is gathered and then processed collectively, minimizing the load on systems during peak times.

The other options highlight different approaches to data handling. Processing each piece of data immediately as it arrives describes real-time or stream processing, while instantaneous delivery pertains to immediate accessibility and user interaction, which are not characteristics of batch processing. Ignoring older data for efficiency does not align with the principle of batch processing either, as it suggests a neglect of historical data rather than a systematic approach to managing data volume over time.